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Spider veins create diffraction spikes12/18/2023 ![]() ![]() Spectroscopy is the investigation and measurement of spectra produced when materials interacts with or emits electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic spectrum and properties of light across the spectrum. Since its creation, the universe has been expanding for 13.8 billion years and recent observations suggest the rate of this expansion is increasing. Spectroscopy confirms that hydrogen makes up about 74% of all matter in the universe. The bang in the title suggests there was an explosive, outward expansion of all matter and space that created atoms. The big-bang theory proposes the universe was formed from an infinitely dense and hot core of material. Other scientific evidence, grounded in empirical observations, supports the big-bang theory. Although the ideas behind the big-bang theory feel almost mystical, they are supported by Einstein’s theory of general relativity. The prevailing idea about how the universe was created is called the big-bang theory. Timeline of expansion of the universe The mysterious details of events prior to and during the origin of the universe are subject to great scientific debate. ![]() The origins of the universe and solar system set the context for conceptualizing the Earth’s origin and early history. The universe appears to have an infinite number of galaxies and solar systems and our solar system occupies a small section of this vast entirety. Every light on this image that does not have diffraction spikes is believed to be an entire galaxy, with hundreds of billions of stars, demonstrating the immense size and scope of the universe. This image, released in 1996, is a composite long-exposure picture of one of the darkest parts of the night sky. 8.1 Origin of the Universe The Hubble Deep Field. This Earth history will focus on the major physical and biological events in each Eons and Era. This chapter will cover briefly the origin of the universe and the 4.6 billion year history of Earth. The main topics studied in Earth history are paleogeography, paleontology, and paleoecology and paleoclimatology-respectively, past landscapes, past organisms, past ecosystems, and past environments. Looking back in time, an untrained eye would see many unfamiliar life forms and terrains. Throughout the long history of Earth, change has been the norm. Ga=billion years ago, Ma=million years ago.Entire courses and careers have been based on the wide-ranging topics covering Earth’s history. Geologic time on Earth, represented circularly, to show the individual time divisions and important events. Describe the Cenozoic evolution of mammals and birds, paleoclimate, and tectonics that shaped the modern world.Describe the Mesozoic evolution and extinction of birds, dinosaurs, and mammmals and tectonics and sedimentation associated with the breakup of Pangea.Describe the Paleozoic evolution and extinction of invertebrates with hard parts, fish, amphibians, reptiles, tetrapods, and land plants and tectonics and sedimentation associated with the supercontinent Pangea.Identify the transition to modern atmosphere, plate tectonics, and evolution that occurred in the Proterozoic Eon.Describe the turbulent beginning of Earth during the Hadean and Archean Eons. ![]()
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